INVESTING IN HUMAN CAPITAL IN SOUTH AFRICA A Framework for a Coordinated Multi-Sectoral ApproachAuthors:Elizabeth Ninan Dulvy, Tihtina Zenebe Gebre, Jesal Kika-Mistry, Jutta Franz, Yi-Kyoung Lee, Kenneth Munge Kabubei, Thulani Matsebula, Victoria Monchuk and Wendy Cunningham.Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized© [2023] International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The �ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily re�ect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are speci�cally reserved.Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. INVESTING IN HUMAN CAPITAL IN SOUTH AFRICA A Framework for a Coordinated Multi-Sectoral ApproachAcknowledgementsThis note aims to bring renewed attention to human capital development as a core driver of South Africa's economic growth and development agenda and to present a harmonized approach for investing in priority areas for human capital formation. The ultimate objective is for the note to serve as a guide for the Government of the Republic of South Africa and its partners for prioritizing policies and actions to support human capital formation in the country.The note builds on the wide body of literature available in South Africa on education, skills, health and nutrition, and social protection and jobs. The note was prepared under the guidance and support of the Marie-Francoise Marie-Nelly (C...