WORLD BANK GROUPMacroeconomics,Trade & InvestmentJanuary 2024BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINACountryEconomicMemorandumPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized3AcknowledgmentsThe Bosnia and Herzegovina Country Economic Memorandum has been prepared by a broad multi-sectoral team of World Bank experts led by Tihomir (Tish) Stuč-ka (Senior Economist, Task Team Leader) and Sandra Hlivnjak (Senior Economist, Task Team Leader). On Chapter 1, the team included Zuhra Osmanović-Pašić (Se-nior Governance Specialist), Jane Hwang (Senior Financial Sector Specialist), Ruvejda Aliefendić (Senior Private Sector Specialist), Meliha Kozarić Fanning (Labor Market Consultant), Steven Pennings (Senior Economist), Guido Damonte (Consultant), Fed-erico Fiuratti (Consultant), Amra Mujabašić (Consultant) and Srđan Kujundžić (Con-sultant). On Chapter 2, the team included Nicolo Dalvit (Economist) and Besart Avdiu (Senior Economist). Finally, on Chapter 3, the team included Rachel Bernice Perks (Senior Mining Specialist), Dzenan Malović (Senior Energy Specialist), Justine Morven Sylvester (Land Tenure Specialist), Efstratios Tavoulareas (Energy Consultant), and Ulrike Lehr (Senior Economist). The report was designed by Vigan Kada.The team is highly indebted to Shireen Mahdi (Lead Economist) and Harshit Agrawal (Senior Gas Specialist), who acted as peer reviewers for this report.The team is grateful to Xiaoqing Yu (World Bank Regional Director for the Western Balkans), Christopher Sheldon (World Bank Country Manager for Bosnia and Herze-govina), Jasmin Chakeri (Practice Manager), Richard Record (Lead Economist), Chris-tos Kostopoulos (Lead Economist) and the Western Balkans Country Management Team for their guidance and support throughout this task.The Bosnia and Herzegovina CEM benefited from the close cooperation with the Prime Ministers’ Offices in the Federation BiH and Republika Srpska, the Ministry of Finance in the Federation BiH and Republika Srpska, the Ministry of Energy in Repub-lika Srpska, and Republika Srpska APIF.The Bosnia and Herzegovina Country Economic Memorandum was in part supported by the Umbrella Facility for Gender Equality (UFGE). The UFGE is a multi-donor trust fund administered by the World Bank to advance gender equality and women’s em-powerment through innovation and knowledge creation to help governments and the private sector focus policy and programs on scalable solutions with sustainable outcomes. The UFGE is supported with generous contributions from Australia, Can-ada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Wellspring Philanthropic Fund.4© This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions ...