Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized ii iii Mongolia Trade work: Trade Competitiveness Diagnostic and Exploring Potential Trade Opportunities (P179679) Advisory Services & Analytics Mongolia Trade Competitiveness Diagnostic Special Focus: Trade Opportunities in Digital Services iv © 2023 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following citation: World Bank Group. 2023. Mongolia Trade Competitiveness Diagnostic. World Bank, Ulaanbaatar. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. Photographs are copyright of World Bank. All rights reserved. v Acknowledgments This analytic piece was prepared by Undral Batmunkh (Economist, TTL) and Jose Luis Diaz Sanchez (Senior Economist, co- TTL). Lead contributors to the respective chapters are as follows: Chapter I on Partial Trade Competitiveness Diagnostics – Undral Batmunkh, Jose Luis Diaz Sanchez, and Yulia Vnukova (Consultant). Chapter II on Trade Opportunities in Digital Services – Randeep Sudan (Consultant), Undral Batmunkh, and Jose Luis Diaz Sanchez. The special focus chapter (Chapter II) was completed at the request of the client (Ministry of Econom...
